Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 released

Debian Etch finally released on 8th April, 2007.
Here is the notice from [email protected].

Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 released

The Debian Project is pleased to announce the official release of Debian
GNU/Linux version 4.0, codenamed "etch", after 21 months of constant
development.  Debian GNU/Linux is a free operating system which supports
a total of eleven processor architectures and includes the KDE, GNOME
and Xfce desktop environments.  It also features cryptographic software
and compatibility with the FHS v2.3 and software developed for version
3.1 of the LSB.

Using a now fully integrated installation process, Debian GNU/Linux 4.0
comes with out-of-the-box support for encrypted partitions.  This
release introduces a newly developed graphical frontend to the
installation system supporting scripts using composed characters and
complex languages; the installation system for Debian GNU/Linux has now
been translated to 58 languages.

Also beginning with Debian GNU/Linux 4.0, the package management system
has been improved regarding security and efficiency.  Secure APT allows
the verification of the integrity of packages downloaded from a mirror.
Updated package indices won't be downloaded in their entirety, but
instead patched with smaller files containing only differences from
earlier versions.

Debian GNU/Linux runs on computers ranging from palmtops and handheld
systems to supercomputers, and on nearly everything in between.  A total
of eleven architectures are supported including:  Sun SPARC (sparc), HP
Alpha (alpha), Motorola/IBM PowerPC (powerpc), Intel IA-32 (i386) and
IA-64 (ia64), HP PA-RISC (hppa), MIPS (mips, mipsel), ARM (arm), IBM
S/390 (s390) and -- newly introduced with Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 -- AMD64
and Intel EM64T (amd64).

Debian GNU/Linux can be installed from various installation media such
as DVDs, CDs, USB sticks and floppies, or from the network.  GNOME is
the default desktop environment and is contained on the first CD.  The K
Desktop Environment (KDE) and the Xfce desktop can be installed through
two new alternative CD images.  Also newly available with Debian
GNU/Linux 4.0 are multi-arch CDs and DVDs supporting installation of
multiple architectures from a single disc.

Debian GNU/Linux can be downloaded right now via bittorent (the
recommended way), jigdo or HTTP;  see <http://www.debian.org/CD/> for
further information.  It will soon be available on DVD and CD-ROM from
numerous vendors <http://www.debian.org/CD/vendors/>, too.

This release includes a number of updated software packages, such as the
K Desktop Environment 3.5 (KDE), an updated version of the GNOME desktop
environment 2.14, the Xfce 4.4 desktop environment, the GNUstep desktop
5.2, X.Org 7.1, OpenOffice.org 2.0.4a, GIMP 2.2.13, Iceweasel (an
unbranded version of Mozilla Firefox 2.0.0.3), Icedove (an unbranded
version of Mozilla Thunderbird 1.5), Iceape (an unbranded version of
Mozilla Seamonkey 1.0.8), PostgreSQL 8.1.8, MySQL 5.0.32, GNU Compiler
Collection 4.1.1, Linux kernel version 2.6.18, Apache 2.2.3, Samba
3.0.24, Python 2.4.4 and 2.5, Perl 5.8.8, PHP 4.4.4 and 5.2.0, Asterisk
1.2.13, and more than 18,000 other ready to use software packages.

Upgrades to Debian GNU/Linux 4.0 from the previous release, Debian
GNU/Linux 3.1 codenamed "sarge", are automatically handled by the
aptitude package management tool for most configurations, and to a
certain degree also by the apt-get package management tool.  As always,
Debian GNU/Linux systems can be upgraded quite painlessly, in place,
without any forced downtime, but it is strongly recommended to read the
release notes for possible issues.  For detailed instructions about
installing and upgrading Debian GNU/Linux, please see the release notes
<http://www.debian.org/releases/etch/releasenotes>.  Please note that
the release notes will be further improved and translated to additional
languages in the coming weeks.

About Debian
------------

Debian GNU/Linux is a free operating system, developed by more than
a thousand volunteers from all over the world who collaborate via the
Internet.  Debian's dedication to Free Software, its non-profit nature,
and its open development model make it unique among GNU/Linux
distributions.

The Debian project's key strengths are its volunteer base, its dedication
to the Debian Social Contract, and its commitment to provide the best
operating system possible.  Debian 4.0 is another important step in that
direction.

Contact Information
-------------------

For further information, please visit the Debian web pages at
<http://www.debian.org/> or send mail to <[email protected]>.

GPG error: for apt-get

W: GPG error: ftp://www.hk.debian.org unstable Release: The following signatures couldn’t be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY F1D53D8C4F368D5D NO_PUBKEY 010908312D230C5F
W: You may want to run apt-get update to correct these problems

Solution:
$ gpg –keyserver wwwkeys.eu.pgp.net –recv-keys F1D53D8C4F368D5D
$ gpg –armor –export F1D53D8C4F368D5D | apt-key add –
$ gpg –keyserver wwwkeys.eu.pgp.net –recv-keys 010908312D230C5F
$ gpg –armor –export 010908312D230C5F | apt-key add –
$ apt-get update

愈來愈愛用DEBIAN

最近寫畢業論文,發現LINUX真的非常方便。
第一次在LINUX上寫文,
發現有DIA這一個繪圖工具,
這工具對本人論文中的插圖,幫助非常大。

以前在M$ WINDOWS中,寫報告,要畫圖時,會很麻煩,
因為繪圖,而去買昂貴,而又對本人沒有什麼實際用途的繪圖軟體,
是不可能,小畫家繪圖又太過麻煩。
因此會用M$ WORD中的繪圖工具,
在M$ WORD中畫插圖,
問題是當圖愈多,出現死機的情況會愈多。
更試過一次不知什麼問題,開不回檔案。

最初在LINUX中,用OPEN OFFICE寫論文時,
仍不知有DIA這個軟體,
而GIMP中,本人又找不到繪四方形的工具,
因此最初是用OPEN OFFICE入面的繪圖工具,先畫了2個圖試試,
但問題,亦是和在M$ WORD中的一樣。

之後,本人覺得LINUX作為自由軟體,
應會有一些同好,寫一些方便自己及他人的軟體。
於是就以“不信邪”的心態,慢慢試一些在GRAPHIC入面的軟體。
之後發現原來本人早就裝了DIA這一個專用來繪DIAGRAM的軟體。
DIA,簡單又易用,而且功能足夠本人繪圖,
真是一個好軟體。

LINUX,真是方便。

另一個愛用LINUX的原因,
是本人寫PORGRAM時,不用另買COMPLIER,
GCC的功能,己足夠本人做功課用。

之前這些,REDHAT(FEDORA)的都有同樣功能。

至於為何愛用DEBIAN,
是因為其自由度比REDHAT的大,
桌面的設定,軟體的安裝等,
都比FEDORA的限制少。
像SUGA,CEDEGA等程式,
在FEDORA時,經過修改後,有時仍不能正常運作。
反觀DEBIAN,不需什麼大修改,就能正常運作。

唯一是SERVER上,本人仍對REDHAT信心比DEBIAN多一點。
DEBIAN仍有太多要自己一手一腳設定,
因此本人對安全方面不太有信心,因為不知自己的設定,會有什麼漏洞出現。
現時仍覺功力不足,用人家的比較安心。